Discipline & Punish: The Birth of the Prison is a work by Michel Foucault, published in 1975. The book explores the development of modern penal systems and the evolution of disciplinary mechanisms in Western society. Foucault traces the transformation of punishment from public spectacles of violence to more subtle forms of social control and surveillance.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline & Punish: The Birth of the Prison. 1975.